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美國List Labs公司是世界著名的科研毒素試劑供應(yīng)商,其產(chǎn)品包括難辨梭狀芽孢桿菌毒素A、B,志賀氏毒素,霍亂毒素,炭疽毒素(PA、LF、EF),百日咳毒素,白喉毒素,CRM197,破傷風(fēng)毒素,葡萄球菌腸毒素B,肉毒毒素,脂多糖(LPS),內(nèi)毒素等各類毒素,此外也提供相應(yīng)的毒素抗體與類毒素,包括破傷風(fēng)類毒素與難辨梭狀芽孢桿菌毒素A、B類毒素。其產(chǎn)品都是具有完全活性的優(yōu)質(zhì)純天然細(xì)菌毒素。
百日咳毒素(Pertussis Toxins)
百日咳毒素(PTX),來源于:百日咳桿菌(Bordetella pertussis),是一種多亞基毒素,與很多哺乳動(dòng)物細(xì)胞結(jié)合,特異性作用于G蛋白,抑制G蛋白發(fā)揮信號通路的功能。PTX這種抑制信號通路的功能被廣泛應(yīng)用于細(xì)胞生物學(xué)研究。PTX 被廣泛應(yīng)用與刺激嚙齒類動(dòng)物模型的制備,比如:實(shí)驗(yàn)性自身免疫性腦脊髓炎動(dòng)物模型(EAE)。動(dòng)物模型的制備受很多因素的影響,例如:小鼠品系,性別,免疫劑量以及佐劑的應(yīng)用??蛻艨蓞⒖荚摦a(chǎn)品的應(yīng)用文獻(xiàn)。
貨號 |
產(chǎn)品名稱 |
規(guī)格 |
179A |
Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol) |
50ug |
179B |
Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis (in Glycerol) |
100ug |
180 |
Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized in Buffer |
50ug |
181 |
Pertussis Toxin from B. pertussis, Lyophilized (Salt-Free) |
50ug |
備注:
180 ,181,179 區(qū)別?
天然的百日咳毒素在制備上稍有不同。其中180 是毒素溶解于緩沖液后凍干,因此是含鹽成分的。181 是純水溶解后凍干,因此是不含鹽的。而:179是溶解于甘油溶液??蛻艨梢罁?jù)文獻(xiàn)報(bào)道,針對相應(yīng)的實(shí)驗(yàn),選擇對應(yīng)的產(chǎn)品。
白喉毒素(Diphtheria Toxin )
白喉?xiàng)U菌屬于革蘭氏陽性菌,在感染上呼吸道上皮細(xì)胞后,產(chǎn)生白喉毒素。白喉毒素水解后,形成兩部分,通過二硫鍵緊密結(jié)合在一起。N-端攜帶毒素的酶活性單位,C端與宿主受體肝細(xì)胞表皮生長因子結(jié)合后,通過內(nèi)吞作用進(jìn)入細(xì)胞內(nèi),終止蛋白合成以致細(xì)胞死亡。在細(xì)胞培養(yǎng)過程中,白喉毒素可抑制蛋白合成,而導(dǎo)致細(xì)胞死亡。白喉毒素被廣泛應(yīng)用于:去除轉(zhuǎn)基因小鼠中受體表達(dá)的細(xì)胞。
貨號 |
產(chǎn)品名稱 |
規(guī)格 |
150 |
Diphtheria Toxin, unnicked from Corynebacterium diphtheriae |
100ug |
破傷風(fēng)毒素(Tetanus Toxins )
破傷風(fēng)毒素是破傷風(fēng)桿菌產(chǎn)生的一種神經(jīng)蛋白質(zhì)毒素,通過抑制抑制性神經(jīng)遞質(zhì)的釋放,引起超反射反應(yīng)和橫紋肌痙攣。因此,破傷風(fēng)毒素用于由破傷風(fēng)桿菌引起的疾病的疫苗研究。此外,破傷風(fēng)類毒素在疫苗研究中作為多糖的載體用于抵抗細(xì)菌性病原體。
貨號 |
產(chǎn)品名稱 |
規(guī)格 |
190A |
Tetanus Toxin |
25ug |
190B |
Tetanus Toxin |
100ug |
193 |
Tetanus Toxin C Fragment |
10ug |
199 |
Tetanolysin from Clostridium tetani |
100ug |
650A |
Tetanus Toxin Light Chain, Recombinant |
10ug |
艱難梭菌 (Difficile Toxins)
艱難梭菌是一種挑剔的、革蘭氏陽性、產(chǎn)芽胞厭氧菌,能引起嚴(yán)重的發(fā)病率和死亡率的感染性腹瀉和偽膜性結(jié)腸炎。其致病機(jī)理是通過激活修飾Rho蛋白的毒素A、B,使結(jié)腸上皮細(xì)胞的肌動(dòng)蛋白細(xì)胞骨架遭到破壞,后細(xì)胞凋亡。該毒素被廣泛用于免疫病理學(xué)、細(xì)胞生物學(xué)研究。
貨號 |
產(chǎn)品名稱 |
規(guī)格 |
152C |
Toxin A from Clostridium difficile |
100ug |
153 |
Toxin A Toxoid from Clostridium difficile |
100ug |
154 |
Toxin B Toxoid from Clostridium difficile |
100ug |
155A |
Toxin B from Clostridium difficile |
2ug |
155B |
Toxin B from Clostridium difficile |
20ug |
155D |
Toxin B from Clostridium difficile |
100ug |
炭疽毒素(Anthrax Toxins)
炭疽毒素是由一種不常見的大型細(xì)菌。炭疽桿菌共產(chǎn)生三種毒素,一種稱為保護(hù)性抗原(PA),它護(hù)送另兩種毒素進(jìn)入人體或動(dòng)物細(xì)胞。一種稱為致死因子(LF),能破壞機(jī)體抵御外敵的白細(xì)胞,還有一種稱為浮腫因子(EF)。這三種毒素,并非獨(dú)立發(fā)揮作用,而是共同協(xié)作發(fā)揮其功能。目前關(guān)于炭疽桿菌的研究熱點(diǎn)集中于研究疫苗效果以及篩選潛在的致死因子(LF)酶活力的抑制因子。
貨號 |
產(chǎn)品名稱 |
規(guī)格 |
169A |
Anthrax Lethal Factor (LF-A) , Recombinant from Bacillus anthracis Native Sequence |
0.1mg |
171A |
Anthrax Protective Antigen (PA), Recombinant from Bacillus anthracis |
0.1mg |
172A |
Anthrax Lethal Factor (LF), Recombinant from Bacillus anthracis |
0.1mg |
177A |
Anthrax Protective Antigen Fragment (PA 20) from Bacillus anthracis |
50ug |
178A |
Anthrax Edema Factor (EF), Recombinant from Bacillus anthracis |
0.1mg |
9169A |
QD Anthrax Lethal Factor (LF-A), Recombinant from Bacillus anthracisNative Sequence |
0.1mg |
9171A |
QD Anthrax Protective Antigen (PA), Recombinant from Bacillus anthracis |
0.1mg |
疫苗載體蛋白(Vaccine Carrier Proteins)
很多滅活的毒素,比如:破傷風(fēng)類毒素、白喉類毒素和白喉毒素CRM197(天然突變株)作為載體蛋白用于疫苗開發(fā)中,刺激強(qiáng)免疫應(yīng)答。近,List Labs通過基因工程方法改造的百日咳毒素,保留了毒素的活性,也可用于疫苗載體蛋白。
貨號 |
產(chǎn)品名稱 |
規(guī)格 |
149 |
Diphtheria Toxin CRM197, Mutant |
0.5mg |
151 |
Diphtheria Toxoid, from Corynebacterium diphtheriae |
0.5mg |
184 |
Pertussis Toxin Mutant |
50ug |
191 |
Tetanus Toxoid from Clostridium tetani |
25ug |
191B |
Tetanus Toxoid from Clostridium tetani |
100ug |
應(yīng)用文獻(xiàn):
· Jamie N Sutherland.Characterization of a key neutralizing epitope on pertussis toxin recognized by the monoclonal antibody 1B7.Biochemistry. 2009 December 22; 48(50): 11982–11993. doi:10.1021/bi901532z. (應(yīng)用產(chǎn)品:百日咳毒素)
· Sutherland JN.Antibodies recognizing protective pertussis toxin epitopes are preferentially elicited by natural infection versus acellular immunization.Clin Vaccine Immunol. 2011 Jun;18(6):954-62. doi: 10.1128/CVI.00561-10.(應(yīng)用產(chǎn)品:百日咳毒素)
· Lin CC.Bhlhe40 controls cytokine production by T cells and is essential for pathogenicity in autoimmune neuroinflammation.Nat Commun. 2014 Apr 3;5:3551. doi: 10.1038/ncomms4551. (應(yīng)用產(chǎn)品:百日咳毒素)
· Isabel A. Soellner.Differential aspects of immune cell infiltration and neurodegeneration in acute and relapse experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.Clinical Immunology (2013) 149, 519–529(應(yīng)用產(chǎn)品:百日咳毒素)
· Chiang W. Lee.Expression and Immunogenicity of a Recombinant Diphtheria Toxin Fragment A in Streptococcus gordonii.APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY, Aug. 2004, p. 4569–4574.(應(yīng)用產(chǎn)品:白喉毒素)
· Christina von Hunolstein.Relevance and Criticality in an External Quality Assessment for the Determination of Diphtheria Antitoxin. J Immunol Clin Res 2(2): 1022.(應(yīng)用產(chǎn)品:白喉毒素)
· Jingjing Jiao.Central Role of Conventional Dendritic Cells in Regulation of Bone Marrow Release and Survival of Neutrophils.The Journal of Immunology April 1, 2014 vol. 192 no. 7 3374-338. (應(yīng)用產(chǎn)品:白喉毒素)
· Mehdi Yousefi. Comparative in vitro and in vivo assessment of toxin neutralization by anti-tetanus toxin monoclonal antibodies.Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics.Volume 10, Issue 2, 2014. (應(yīng)用產(chǎn)品:破傷風(fēng)毒素)
· Moayeri M.Correction of murine hemophilia A by hematopoietic stem cell gene therapy.Mol Ther. 2005 Dec;12(6):1034-42. (應(yīng)用產(chǎn)品:破傷風(fēng)毒素)
· Xiang-He Lei.Using Phenotype MicroArrays to Determine Culture Conditions That Induce or Repress Toxin Production by Clostridium difficile and Other Microorganisms.PLoS ONE 8(2): e56545. doi:10.1371.(應(yīng)用產(chǎn)品:艱難梭菌)
· Hercules Moura.Proteomic Analysis and Label-Free Quantification of the Large Clostridium difficile Toxins. International Journal of Proteomic. Article ID :293782. (應(yīng)用產(chǎn)品:艱難梭菌)
· Pradeep K.Gupta.Role of N-Terminal Amino Acids in the Potency of Anthrax Lethal Factor.PLoS ONE 3(9): e3130. doi:10.1371. (應(yīng)用產(chǎn)品:炭疽毒素)
· Fang H.Anthrax lethal toxin has direct and potent inhibitory effects on B cell proliferation and immunoglobulin production.J Immunol. 2006 May 15;176(10):6155-61. (應(yīng)用產(chǎn)品:炭疽毒素)